Monday, April 30, 2007
6-37

Production of fatty acid methyl ester from animal fats

Hee-Seung Yang1, Gwi-Taek Jeong1, Seok-Hwan Park1, Jae-Hee Park1, Dae-Hyun Youn1, In-Ho Lee1, Hee Jang1, Woo-Tae Lee2, and Don-Hee Park1. (1) School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea, (2) Faculty of Applied Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University

Biodiesel is an alternative energy source which is made from renewable biological sources such as vegetable oil and animal fat. Currently it is mostly produced from oilseed crops by transeterification of triglyceride. It is biodegradable and non-toxic, and has lower emission profiles compared to diesel fuel. Despite numerous environmental benefits, amount of oilseed crops is limited because a cultivated land was located specific areas. A broader use of biodiesel is hampered by the expensive acreage required for sufficient production of oilseed crops. Therefore, we must search different source of biodiesel. Fats and oils are primarily water-insoluble, hydrophobic substrates in the plant and animal kingdom that are made up of one mole of glycerol and three moles of fatty acids, and are commonly referred to as triglycerides. Fatty acids vary in carbon chain length and in the number of unsaturated bond (double bonds). In animal fat the component of saturated fatty acid is contained almost 50% of the total fatty acids. This study carried out the production of biodiesel from animal fat (lard) by transesterification using alkali-catalyst (KOH) and methanol. We carried out each experiment to create the optimum condition for reaction at different reaction temperature, time, molar ratio of methanol, and alkali-catalyst amount. The optimum condition of reaction find out by the measurement of content of fatty acid methyl ester in biodiesel.

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