M142
Analyses of Changes in Composition and Extractability of Cell Wall Glycans in Plant Biomass Subjected to Leading Pretreatment Technologies
Monday, April 28, 2014
Exhibit/Poster Hall, lower level (Hilton Clearwater Beach)
Sivakumar Pattathil1, Shishir P.S. Chundawat2, Muyang Li3, Jian Shi4, Sindhu Kandemkavil1, Sivasankari Venkatachalam1, Jaclyn DeMartini5, David B. Hodge6, Charles E. Wyman7, Seema Singh8, Blake Simmons8, Bruce Dale9 and Michael G. Hahn1, (1)BioEnergy Science Center, Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, (2)Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory, Deparment of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, (3)Deparment of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, (4)Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute/Sandia National Laboratories, Emeryville, CA, (5)Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Center for Environmental Research and Technology, BioEnergy Science Center, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, (6)DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, (7)Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Center for Environmental Research and Technology, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, (8)Deconstruction Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, (9)Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Lansing, MI
Efficient, sustainable and cost effective biomass pretreatment methods are indispensible to resolve the cell wall recalcitrance barrier and thus optimize better conversion of biomass feedstocks to biofuels.  Comprehending the fate of cell wall components under various regimes of these pretreatments is important for optimizing the pretreatment processes and to delineate the key factors governing the cell wall recalcitrance.  We employed glycome profiling on untreated plant biomass and those subjected to various regimes of hydrothermal, Ammonia Fiber Expansion (AFEX), Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide (AHP) and Ionic Liquid (IL) pretreatments in order to analyze overall cell wall glycan epitope composition and extractability.  We found that different pretreatments reduced biomass recalcitrance by distinct mechanisms.  Under hydrothermal pretreatment regimes, shortening/fragmentation of non-cellulosic cell walls glycans were apparent.  Pectic arabinogalactans and lignin-linked glycans are most susceptible to hydrothermal pretreatment regimes.  AFEX and AHP pretreatments, in general, appeared to loosen specific sub-classes of pectins and hemicelluloses in pretreated biomass.  These effects of AFEX and AHP on the cell walls varied among different plant biomasses.  Analyses of switchgrass biomass residues pretreated with sugar- and lignin-derived renewable ionic liquids showed significantly enhanced extractability of hemicelluloses, revealing the severe effects of IL mediated lignin removal on switchgrass cell wall structure/integrity.  However, the glycome profiling analyses also suggest that some strong, IL-resistant interactions/associations between lignin and xylan exist in switchgrass biomass.  Overall, these studies demonstrate that monitoring cell wall glycan compositions and extractability in pretreated biomass through glycome profiling further enhanced understanding of the modes of action of leading pretreatments.
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