Monday, May 2, 2011
Grand Ballroom C-D, 2nd fl (Sheraton Seattle)
In Japan, 54% of industrial food waste was recycled as fertilizer or feed to livestock. However, the rest of industrial food waste was landfilled or burned without thermal recovery. As one of the industrial food waste, rice bran is produced as a by-product of the rice milling process. It is well known that valuable compounds, such as cerebroside, phytic acid, inositol, ferulic acid, γ-oryzanol, and vitamins, are contained in rice bran. Saccharides and fatty acids were also contained in rice bran. At first, in order to enhance extractability of the valuable compounds, saccharides and fatty acids from rice bran, effect of treatment temperature upon hydrothermal treatment of rice bran was discussed in this study. With the increase of treated temperature from 100C to 160C, the yields of the water soluble constituent including saccharides and the ethanol soluble constituents including fatty acids increased. However, estimating from the thin layer chromatogram of chloroform soluble but n-hexane insoluble (CSHI) constituent in hydrothermally treated rice bran at 160C, coloration indicating cerebroside disappeared. Next, recovery of cerebroside by alkali treatment and recovery of monosaccharides by hydrothermal treatment of rice bran and wheat bran at 100C were discussed. Further, hydrolysis of the solvent insoluble constituent of hydrothermally treated rice bran with HCl aqueous solution is also carried out in order to obtain monosaccharides. Estimating from the 1H-NMR and FT-IR spectra of the alkali treated CSHI constituent in hydrothermally treated rice bran at 100C, variation in hydrogen distribution and functional group of the constituent was negligible.