Thursday, April 22, 2010 - 8:30 AM
9-02

Validating reliable feedstock supply

James R. Hettenhaus, cea Inc, 12623 Burr oak Lane, Charlotte, NC 28278-6909 and Nathan S. Mosier, LORRE/Ag. and Bio. Engineering, Purdue University, 500 Central Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907.

The wet storage yield and fermentation results validating wet corn stover storage are presented. 

A  700 dry tonne corn stover pile was constructed in 2005, part of a $2 Million  USDA funded project to investigate one-pass corn harvest and wet stover storage using the Ritter Method:

Circulating water thru the pile during construction, removing solubles while compacting and ensiling the material at 4.5 pH as the sucrose in the stover, ferments to organic acids

Annual storage samples evaluated by LORRE, Purdue University showed stover in the open storage pile, 30 m high with a 45° angle of repose exhibited negligible glucan loss at the end of two years. 

Year

2005

2006

2007

2008

 

Incoming

Stover

Annual Storage Samples

% Dry Matter

         

Glucan

31%

42%

42%

37%

Holocellulose

59%

68%

66%

57%

Acid Insoluble Residue

12%

17%

20%

22%

Acid Soluble Lignin

3.8%

1.5%

1.8%

2.1%

Ash

6.0%

6.7%

6.9%

6.9%

Solubles

15%

4.8%

5.5%

8.1%

Structural mass

84%

94%

95.2%

86%

Dry Matter Balance

99%

98%

101%

94%

The holocellulose yield was 94% and removing the solubles increased the stover holocellose fraction from 59% to 67% during the first two years of storage.  In the third year, the pile height was diminished to 15 meters, exposing more surface area, incurring more holocellulose loss.

The fermentation yield was 95% of theoretical yield, further validating the Ritter Method for feedstock storage up to two years.  Stover hydrolysis was done at 4% and 15% solids loadings (w/v) and 15 FPU cellulase / g glucan.  The hydrolyzate was fermented using xylose co-fermenting yeast.  Final ethanol concentration was 34 g/L (3.4% wt/vol) after 48 hr.