The bioconversion of pulp mill residues to ethanol is an opportunity that has mostly been overlooked by the fuels industry.  We examined the feasibility of utilizing spent sulfite liquor (SSL), pulp, and primary clarifier sludge (PCS) from Kimberly-Clark sulfite pulp mill in Everett, WA for ethanol production.  Pulp was derived from mainly softwoods and contained 89% glucan, while PCS contained 70% glucan.  SSL contained an initial total 6-carbon sugar concentration of 26 g/L.  The high sugar content of these materials make them ideal for ethanol production.  Initial hydrolysis rates for pulp and PCS were directly related to enzyme loading, and inversely related to solids consistency.  Conditions for high consistency hydrolysis coupled with minimal enzyme loading were selected as 10% and 5 FPU respectively, yielding 67% glucose conversion for pulp after 48 h.  Results for hydrolysis of PCS under identical conditions will also be shown.  Fermentation of SSL resulted in 79% of the theoretical ethanol yield after 48 h, with consumption of acetic acid and no signs of inhibition observed.  Detoxification of SSL prior to fermentation was not needed, and a minimum of nutrients was required.  Techno-economic modeling of the utilization of SSL, pulp, and PCS will be presented.  The Kimberly-Clark mill that provided these materials generates PCS at a rate of 36 tons/day, and SSL at 500 gal/h.  Utilization of such materials represents a crucial opportunity for the conversion of pulp mills to future biorefineries, which can potentially produce ethanol alongside of pulp.