Mandates requiring the use of cellulosic and other advanced biofuels in coming years will establish a demand for dedicated energy crops.  Perennial energy crop candidates fall into one of two categories: herbaceous crops and short-rotation woody crops. Crop production and management strategies vary across these feedstocks, particularly in equipment requirements, fertilization, and timing.  Additionally, supply chains for woody crops and herbaceous crops differ in processing, handling, and storing.  Herbaceous energy crops, such as switchgrass, are typically harvested in the fall, baled, and stored under cover until the material is needed.  These bales are delivered to the conversion facility or a preprocessing depot where they are chopped and stored.  Woody crops, on the other hand, can be harvested, chipped and transported to a biorefinery or biopower plant as needed, assuming year-round site access, no sustainability concerns requiring trees to be harvested after leaf fall, and the tree crop is not managed as a coppicing system. In this system, handling is minimized and long-term storage of biomass is not needed.  The objective of this nationwide analysis is to compare the costs of short-rotation woody crops to perennial herbaceous energy crops with particular attention to time preference.  The comparison includes feedstock production and logistics to a biorefinery or biopower plant. The effects of regional yields on logistics costs will be included.  The results of this analysis will be useful in identifying areas of improvement in supply chain logistics and for assisting the cellulosic industry in indentifying appropriate energy crop choices for various situations.