Cyanophycin (muti-L-arginyl-poly-L-aspartate) is a non-ribosomally synthesized reserve polypeptide which consists of equimolar amounts of arginine and aspartic acid arranged as a polyaspartate backbone and arginine as the side chain. Cyanophycin is an environment friendly chemical that can be chemically converted to a derivative with reduced arginine content, or to completely biodegradable poly aspartic acid, which can be used as a substitute for non-biodegradable polyacrylates. Cyanophycin synthesis is catalyzed by cyanophycin synthetase.  Anabaena Variabilis ATCC 29413 contains the structural gene (cphA) for cyanophycin synthetase, which was cloned and sequenced in this study. The cphA gene from Anabaena Variabilis ATCC 29413 was amplified by PCR, ligated to the vector pET45b+ and introduced into E. coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS and E.coli BL21 (DE3). Western blot results showed that the recombinant BL21 (DE3) expressed much more cyanophycin synthetase than BL21 (DE3) pLysS. Experiments by design for high cyanophycin synthesis will be performed at shake flask and at 2 to 5 L fermenter level using the recombinant BL21 (DE3) and thin stillage as carbon and nutrient source. Thin stillage is a byproduct of ethanol industry remaining after alcohol distillation from fermented grain mash. It contains around 20-30% crude protein, and necessary minerals that could be used as carbon, nitrogen, and energy source for the growth of bacteria and also for cyanophycin biosynthesis.