Wednesday, April 21, 2010 - 8:00 AM
8-01

Effects of pretreatment technologies, enzyme formulations, enzyme loadings and biomass type on sugar yields and costs for coupling of leading pretreatments with enzymatic hydrolysis

Charles Wyman, Center for Environmental Research and Technology Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Bourns College of Engineer, University of California at Riverside, 1084 Columbia Avenue, Riverside, CA 92507, Bruce Dale, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, 3900 Collins Rd, Lansing, MI 48910, Richard Elander, National Bioenergy Center, NREL, 1617 Cole Blvd, MS3511, Golden, CO 80401, Mark T. Holtzapple, Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 3122 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-3122, Michael Ladisch, LORRE/Ag. and Bio. Engineering, Purdue University, 500 Central Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, Y. Y. Lee, Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, 207 Ross Hall, Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn, AL 36849, Ryan Warner, Genencor, A Danisco Division, 925 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, and Bonnie Hames, Ceres, Inc., 1535 Rancho Conejo Blvd, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320.

The Biomass Refining Consortium for Applied Fundamentals and Innovation (CAFI) formed in 2000 recently completed its last funded study to determine comparative sugar yields from application of leading pretreatments to shared sources of cellulosic feedstocks followed by enzymatic hydrolysis of the resulting solids with a common source of enzymes, and this talk will highlight key findings for the applications to corn stover, poplar wood, and switchgrass pursued by the CAFI during its lifetime.  Material balances will illustrate the fate of key biomass components, with differences in conditions applied and impact on biomass deconstruction noted among pretreatments by ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX), ammonia recycle percolation (ARP), dilute acid, hot water, lime, soaking in aqueous ammonia, and sulfur dioxide steam explosion.  The effect of cellulase loadings and beta-glucosidase supplementation on release of glucose and xylose will be summarized, and information provided on changes in sugar release by introducing xylanase, beta-xylosidase, pectinase, and other enzymes into the mix.  In addition, insight will be shared on similarities and differences in sugar release from pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover, poplar, and switchgrass to demonstrate how changes in a plant species impact performance by different pretreatments.  Key features of the enzymes applied will be outlined, and results from application of a common costing methodology will reveal important economic drivers.  Finally, key take home messages will be summarized to guide research, development, and commercialization of biomass feedstocks and deconstruction technologies.  

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