Large scale cultivation of autotrophic and phototrophic oleaginous algae has been proposed as a solution to the twin problems of increasing greenhouse gases in our environment and limiting nature of fossilized sources of energetic materials.  Algae undoubtedly offer capacity to sequester large quantities of carbon dioxide while utilizing solar energy to produce biomass.  Depending on the type of algae and its cultivation conditions, it is possible to have 20-70% of the biomass in the form of lipids with the remainder mostly as carbohydrates and proteins.  Starting with the premise that the technology must be usable throughout the year in all climatic conditions and that it may require co-locating the plants with sources of carbon dioxide, the closed and potentially indoor cultivation facilities need to be considered.  A survey of the state-of-the-art of the technology for indoor cultivation of algae, however, suggests several major road blocks which must be overcome before it can be commercially exploited at a scale large enough to make any significant impact on the twin problems mentioned above.  This presentation will explore the critical issues facing this technology and outline steps that can be taken to address the challenges.