Monday, July 27, 2009
P84

Comparative study of properties of biosurfactant produced by Bacillus subtilis PTCC 1023 with some chemical surfactant

Gholamreza dehghan-Nodeh, Pharmaceutics Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, -, -, Kerman, -, Iran, Bibi Sedigheh Fazly – Bazzaz, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, -, -, Mashhad, Iran, Mohammadreza Housaindokht, School of Sciences, mashhad of Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran, and Effat Behravan, Pharmaceutics Reserch Center, Kerman University Of Medical Sciences, -, -, Kerman, -, Iran.

In preliminary experiments, the product of biosurfactant by three Bacillus subtilis strains was investigated. The hemolytic and foam activities of the supernatant of different strains cultured in nutrient broth were studied and consequently,  Bacillus subtilis PTCC1023 was selected as the suitable strain. After growing the bacteria in that culture medium, the microbial biomass was removed by centrifugation. Biosurfactant was extracted from supernatant. However, yield was improved by the addition of iron and/or manganese salts to the culture medium. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and erythrocyte hemolytic capacity of the biosurfactant were compared to these surfactants such as SDS (sodium dodecyl sulpate), BC (benzalkonium chloride), TTAB (tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide) and HTAB (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide). The maximum hemolytic effect for all surfactants was observed at concentrations above CMC. The maximum hemolytic effect of synthetic surfactants was more than that of biosurfactant produced by Bacillus subtilis PTCC1023. Therefore, biosurfactant would be considered as a suitable surface – active agent due to low toxicity to the membrane.

Keywords: Bacillus subtilis, Biosurfactant, CMC, and Emulsification index, Hemolytic capacity, Surface tension.        


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