Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a naturally occurring coenzyme formed from the conjugation of a benzoquinone ring and decaprenyl pyrophosphate. CoQ10, naturally produced by humans, provides therapeutic benefits in certain diseases, such as cardiomyopathy, when administered orally. Increased consumer demand has led to the development of bioprocesses for the commercial production of CoQ10. Up to now, these processes have relied on microbes that naturally produce high levels of CoQ10. However, as knowledge of the biosynthetic enzymes and of regulatory mechanisms modulating CoQ production increases, opportunities arise for the metabolic engineering of CoQ10 production in hosts such as Escherichia coli. We have used strategies such as metabolic modeling and metabolic pathway engineering to improve CoQ10 production in E.coli. Results of these studies will be presented.