Thomas P. West, Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Box 2104, Brookings, SD 57007
Soy biodiesel production results in a coproduct stream containing glycerol, fatty acid and methylesters of fatty acids. For every 100 kg of crude soybean oil processed, 10.3 kg of glycerol are produced. Although the raw glycerol is of low value, it can serve as an excellent substrate for the microbial fermentation of a specialty chemical such as 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde. This specialty chemical is a precursor for plastic production where its conversion products have a demand of over 1 million tons per year. Its commercial applications include its use in plastics, as a food preservative, and as a tissue fixative. In this study, the ability of selected enteric bacteria to convert soy-based glycerol to 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde was investigated. The enteric bacteria were grown on a complex medium containing diluted raw glycerol for 24 h at 28oC. The cells were collected by centrifugation and resuspended in a neutral phosphate buffer containing diluted raw glycerol and semicarbazide hydrochloride. The cell suspension was shaken for 24 h at 28oC. The cells were collected by centrifugation and the resultant supernatant of each suspension was assayed for 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde using a colorimetric assay. It was determined that the enteric bacterium Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 produced the specialty chemical. In conclusion, it was shown that raw glycerol produced from soy biodiesel could be utilized for the microbial fermentation of the specialty chemical 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde.