Ka-Yiu San, Bioengineering, MS 142, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX 77005 and George Bennett, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, TX 77005-1892.
Producing biochemicals from renewable resources has attracted increasing interest in the last few years. Metabolic engineering techniques have the potential to design more efficient strains leading to improved process performance, in terms of both yield and productivity. Little attention, however, has been paid to the importance of redox balance and the role of cofactors/coenzymes. In this presentation, the production of C-4 compounds (such as succinic acid, malic acid and fumaric acid) and esters (such as isoamyl acetate) in Escherichia coli will be used as model systems to illustrate some of these important concepts. In particular, the biosynthesis of succinic acid will be used to show the important role of reducing equivalent in strain design. Furthermore, the production of isoamyl acetate will be used as an example to demonstrate the concept that cofactor engineering can be used as an additional metabolic engineering tool to improve process performance.